Bukauskienė, Rasa

Anaesthesia is a fundamental component of modern medicine, enabling safe and effective surgical interventions. However, interindividual variability in response to anaesthetic agents may contribute to adverse perioperative outcomes, with genetic factors playing an increasingly recognised role. This literature review evaluates current research on genetic variations associated with anaesthesia-related complications and their implications for clinical practice. Key genetic markers, including CYP2D6, RYR1, and BCHE, were identified as significant contributors to altered drug metabolism, abnormal sensitivity to anaesthetic agents, and susceptibility to conditions such as malignant hyperthermia. The reviewed evidence demonstrates that pharmacogenetic variability may influence both the efficacy and safety of anaesthetic management. Integrating genetic insights into anaesthesiology practice has the potential to improve patient safety through personalised perioperative care and targeted risk assessment. Nevertheless, limitations in current evidence and the lack of standardised clinical guidelines continue to restrict widespread implementation. Further research is required to strengthen the clinical applicability of pharmacogenetics in anaesthesiology.