Complications rate after early prostate cancer treatment with I-125 seeds

Abstract

Introduction & objectives: Low dose rate brachytherapy with I-125 seeds is very popular prostate cancer treatment in Western countries and last decade in Lithuania. Due to anatomical position of the prostate seeds irradiation can cause some complications. Constant monitoring of patient′s status and complaints is very useful for early identification and treatment of complications. The aim: To analyze the complications and cancer relapses after prostate cancer treatment with the brachytherapy in the years 2007- 2014 in the Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Objectives: 1.To analyze complication rate after prostate cancer brachytherapy. 2.To set the time to onset of complications. 3.To determine the relationship between the rate of complications and initial PSA results, Gleason sum and patient’s age. 4.To assess the number of prostate cancer relapse. Material & methods: Prostate brachytherapy was performed in a 392 cases with prostate cancer cT1c-T2cNxM0 stage. Full data were collected from 320 patients. Analysis was done on outpatient data completed by the patients and urologist at each visit. Complications were divided into 3 groups: urinary symptoms, radiation induced and inflammatory urological complications and bowels symptoms. The period until occurrence of complications was calculated and the relationship between complications and this period, patient’s age, initial PSA and Gleason sum were analyzed. Our goal was to determine the number of recurrences of prostate cancer and TURP cases. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 statistical program. Results: An average of the patient’s age was 62.7 ± 8 (40 to 79) years. Complications were diagnosed in 26.6% (n=85). Radiation induced and inflammatory urological complications were determined in 21.9% (n=70) of patients: in 5% - prostatitis (n=16), hemospermia 2.2% (n=7), hematuria 7.5% (n=24), 1.6% epididymitis (n=5), 6.9% cystitis (n=22) and 4.4% urethritis (n=14). Bowel