Tėvų požiūris į dukrų vakcinaciją nuo žmogaus papilomos viruso ir dalyvavimo vakcinacijoje priežastis lemiantys veiksniai

Abstract

Aim of the study. To evaluate the attitude of parents of girls aged 11-12 in Klaipeda to vaccinate their daughters against human papillomavirus and the factors determining the reasons for participation in this vaccination. Objectives. 1. To evaluate the attitude of Klaipeda city parents to vaccination of 11-12 year old daughters against human papillomavirus and the role of a family doctor in carrying out this vaccination. 2. To analyze the links between socio-demographic factors and parental involvement in the vaccination of daughters against human papillomavirus. 3. Using a health belief model, determine the factors that determine a parents' choice to vaccinate their daughters against the human papillomavirus. Methods. Was performed an analytical instantaneous study of the observation. The data used in the master's thesis were collected electronically by interviewing the parents of 11-12 year olds of Klaipėda city "Saulėtekis", "Sendvaris" and "Simonas Dachas" progymnasium. A total of the questionnaire link was shared with 265 parents, response rate – 64.9 %. A health belief model is used to determine the factors that determine parents' motivation to vaccinate their daughters against the human papillomavirus (HPV). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software package (version SPSS 27.0). The significance level α = 0.05 was chosen to test the statistical hypotheses, the difference is considered statistically significant when p <0.05. The distribution of the interval variables is calculated by the Kolmogórov-Smirnov test, nonparametric tests (Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis) are used for the analysis of interfaces. The chi-square (χ2 ) criterion was calculated to test the hypotheses that ranks / denominations should be related. Hypotheses about the independence of the two were tested using the z-criterion. Results. Of the 88.4% parents who were aware of the possibility of vaccinating their daughter against HPV, 77.6% vaccinated their daughter against HPV at the age of 11-12, and the remaining 22.4% did not. About 16% parents who did not vaccinate their daughters against HPV said that they had not enough information about the need for and effectiveness of the HPV vaccine. 70.9% respondents had heard about HPV vaccination from a family doctor. Only 54.2% parents aged 29-36 vaccinate their daughters with the HPV vaccine. Parents with a university degree and those who have enough income to live for a month are more likely to vaccinate their daughters with the HPV vaccine without much difficulty. Only a small proportion of respondents agree that their daughter has a higher risk of developing cervical cancer than their other peers. Parents who have vaccinated their daughters against HPV are more aware of the benefits of HPV vaccination, have more confidence in their daughters being vaccinated against HPV, and are more likely to promote a healthy lifestyle for their daughters than those who have not been vaccinated (p <0.05). Also, parents who did not vaccinate their daughters were more likely to see a variety of barriers to vaccinating their daughters than those who did vaccinate (p <0.05). Conclusions. Most parents know and vaccinate their daughters against the HPV with state-funded vaccine. Parents vaccinating daughters for HPV are statistically significantly more aware of the benefits of vaccinating HPV, trust vaccination, are more likely to promote a healthy lifestyle for their daughters, and are less likely to see barriers to vaccinating their daughters compared to parents who do not vaccinate their daughters (p <0.05) . Key words. Human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV vaccine, vaccination behavior.