Tetraciklinų liekanų nustatymas piene ir jų poveikis žmogaus sveikatai
Bružaitė, Agnė |
Matusevičius, Algimantas |
Špakauskas, Vytautas | |
Darbo tikslas: Apibendrinti esamus tetraciklinų liekanų duomenis piene ir įvertinti jų poveikį vartotojų sveikatai. Temos aktualumas: Tetraciklinai žaliavinio pieno mėginiuose aptinkami dažnai, pagal galiojančius Europos Sąjungos reglamentus, mėginiuose gali būti iki 100 (µg/kg), o Rusijai tiekiamam pienui jo aptikti buvo iš vis negalima. Reikalavimų nevienodumas privedė prie tam tikrų nesutarimų. Todėl buvo nuspręsta Lietuvoje tirti kiekvieną pieno žalio pieno siuntą. Daug pieno Lietuva eksportuoja į Rusiją. Todėl nenorėta prarasti rinkos. Rusijoje labai griežtai imta žiūrėti į eksportuojamos produkcijos kokybę po praeitais metais ten priimto pieno įstatymo. Darbo naujumas: Surinkti 2009 metų atlikti tyrimai nustatinėjant tetraciklinų liekanas žaliavinio pieno mėginiuose pasinaudojant VĮ „Pieno tyrimai“ duomenimis. Išanalizuota tetraciklinų įtaką žmogaus sveikatai. Mokslinė ir praktinė reikšmė: Atliktų tyrimų rezultatai rodo, kad imta griežčiau kontroliuoti pieno kokybė antibiotikų atžvilgiu. Kad tetraciklinai neigiamai veikia visą žmogaus organizmą, ypač pavojingas nėščioms moterims ir kūdikiams. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti VĮ „Pieno tyrimai“ esančius duomenis apie žaliavinio pieno užterštumą tetraciklinais. 2. Praktiškai susipažinti su tetraciklinų liekanų nustatymu piene. 3. Surinkti literatūroje esančius duomenis apie tetraciklinų poveikį vartotojui ir juos apibendrinti.
This research was made in public company ‘Pieno tyrimai’. The aim was to analyze the order of taken tests and methodology of chemical remains evaluation Milk sanitary is a part of veterinary science sanitary, which includes measures and tools, which are taken in order the consumers would get good quality milk and dairy products, which would bring no harm to humans’ or animals’ health. Milk can be polluted by a number of chemicals, which are used for treating sick cows, milking sanitary, milk preparing companies or mixed into forage. So it is very important to use controlling mechanisms which would allow to decrease the pollution level in every earlier mentioned subjects. This work summarizes the remains of tetracyclines data in milk and evaluates its’ influence on human health. The tetracyclines data of 2009 which was about taken, explored and exceeded the allowable standart of specimens was analised in public company ‘Pieno tyrimai’. The process of research includes: the milk specimens selection into groups of 94 and dosing into the plates; the plates exposition in room temparature for one hour; the overmeasure of milk elimination from plates‘ hollows and the sealing of plates; the storage of the prepared plates in the refrigerator; freezing for 4-5 hours; the plates evaluation according the changed colour of specimen; the data gathering into the datebase. The data showed that tetracyclines can cause a number of negative phenomenons. These chemicals irritate human body and can cause dyspepsia effect, stomatitis. These chemicals also destroy the intestine‘s useful bacteriums so resistent microorganisms may start to develop in human body. It harms liver and pancreas work. These chemicals (tetracyclines) can also concentrate in teeth enamel.Especially these chemicals are dangerous to children. Tetracyclines can cause them disturbance of bones growth and yellow teeth enamel. The negative effects usually appear if preparation usage rules are broken, for example if cows which were treatened with chemicals tetracyclines are milked and this milk is taken to the market. Also then preparations are bought without prescription and veterinarian observation. The biggest number of effected specimens are taken in the warm seasons (spring and summer). This means that animals usually catch various diseases which are treated with antibiotics in warm seasons. The most often harmed specimens were found in Tauragė‘s, Panevėžys, Kaunas districts. The conclusions can be made that illegal medicine trade exists in these mentioned regions. What is more, the farmers don‘t feel responsibility for their milk quality, they care more about milk quantity, because their get money for quantity and they aren‘t punished for selling bad quality milk. The government should give more financial support for milk quality analysis and stiffen the fines for contravening milk procurement rules.