The Role of beta 2-Adrenergic Receptors in Inflammation and Allergy : review article / Sitkauskiene Brigita, Sakalauskas Raimundas

Essential role of beta 2-adrenoreceptor (beta2AR) in airway relaxation is well established. Nevertheless, beta 2AR seems playing an actual role in allergy and inflammation. Interaction between beta 2AR and proinflamatory cytokines in airway smooth muscle has been revealed. Being located on proinflamatory cells, beta 2ARs may influence function of these cells in vivo. It was clear established, that stimulation of beta2AR inhibits release of proinflamatory mediators from mast cells, influences T-cell growth and function, eosinophil survival and function, including GM-CSF- or PAF-induced degranulation. Stimulation of beta 2ARs, located on alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells, has ambiguity influence on their regulation and function, including phagocytosis and mediator secretion, in vivo. Vascular responses, resulting in inhibition of plasma exudation were confirmed, but modulation of sensory nerves via beta beta 2AR is not certain yet. beta2AR-agonists are effective in treatment of immediate allergic reactions, but desensitisation of beta2ARs on inflammatory cells may result in paradoxical effects, especially in asthma. In summary, it is clear that ?beta2ARs may play an anti-inflammatory role in vitro. Unfortunately, in vitro data have shown limited applicability in vivo; therefore further research in this field is required.