Influence of organic and inorganic iron on iron amount and malondialdehides concentration in broiler chicken meat

Abstract

Introduction It is well accepted that iron plays an important role in nutrition of both human and animals. Iron is a mineral that is naturally present in many foods, added to some food products, and available as a dietary supplement. Iron is an essential component of hemoglobin, an erythrocyte protein that transfers oxygen from the lungs to the tissues (Wessling-Resnick et al., 2014). As a component of myoglobin, a protein that provides oxygen to muscles, iron supports metabolism (Aggett, 2012; Zhao, 2010). Iron is also necessary for growth, development, normal cellular functioning, and synthesis of some hormones and connective tissue (Aggett, 2012; Murray-Kolbe et al., 2010). Dietary iron has two main forms: heme and nonheme (Wessling-Resnick et al. 2014; Yates, 2001). Plants and iron-fortified foods contain nonheme iron only, whereas meat, seafood, and poultry contain both heme and nonheme iron (Aggett, 2012). Heme iron, which is formed when iron combines with protoporphyrin IX, contributes about 10% to 15% of total iron intakes in western populations (Murray-Kolbe et al., 2010; Hurrell et al., 2010; Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001). The different forms of iron in supplements contain varying amounts of elemental iron. For example, ferrous fumarate is 33% elemental iron by weight, whereas ferrous sulfate is 20% and ferrous gluconate is 12% elemental iron (Monoguerra et al., 2005). In addition, iron is also necessary for several enzymatic processes and metabolism steps in the body (Chen et al., 2008; Leeson and Summers, 2001 ). Iron deficiency has a great impact on the organism involved, as it interferes in all the reactions in which iron is involved. This will eventually result in well-known clinical consequences (WHO, 2001). Organic minerals have been subject of an increasing number of investigations recently. These compounds can be considered the most significant event regarding commercial f...[...].