Refractory hypocalcemia in metastatic prostate cancer

Abstract

Introduction Hypocalcemia in malignancy, as opposed to hypercalcemia, is not as commonly studied but can occur due to various causes [1]. In patients with osteoblastic bone metastases, hypocalcemia is caused when calcium from the blood deposits in the bone [2]. Moreover, denosumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody commonly used to prevent skeletal-related events (SRE), can also induce hypocalcemia by binding to the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand and inhibiting osteoclast activity [3]. [...].