Medicinal plants essential oils effect on oral patogens aspergillus flavus, micrococcus luteus, lactobacillus acidophilus

Abstract

Microorganisms perform various functions in the human body. The oral cavity contains 100 million bacteria per milliliter of saliva. Various types of bacteria, protozoa, fungi, archaea, viruses live in the oral cavity, some of which cause infections related to the oral biofilm and promote the development of infectious diseases such as tooth decay, gingivitis, periodontitis. In addition to the composition and concentration of oral microorganisms, temperature, pH of saliva, oxygen concentration, availability and type of nutrients, immune system, anatomical features of the oral cavity, and dental hygiene are important factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils from medicinal plant Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. (the main organic phytocompounds in essential oil are citral, limonene, linalool, geraniol), Rosmarinus officinalis L. (the main organic phytocompounds in essential oil are limonene, linalool), Pinus sylvestris L. (the main organic phytocompounds in essential oil are limonene) against Aspergillus flavus, Micrococcus luteus, Lactobacillus acidophilus. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils was determined by zone of inhibition on the growth microorganisms using the agar well diffusion method. The sample solutions of essential oils were prepared in different concentrations from 1 to 100 percent by diluting with distilled water and Tween 20. Essential oils of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., Rosmarinus officinalis L. were the most effective and show potent inhibitory activity against microorganisms Aspergillus flavus, Micrococcus luteus, Lactobacillus acidophilus with minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 percent with 3-10mm zone of inhibition. Essential oils from Pinus sylvestris L. show about 1-2mm zone of inhibition against microorganisms in concentration 5 percent. Essential oils of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., Rosmarinus officinalis L. have the potential to be developed into agents that can be used as preventative or treatment therapies for oral diseases. The use of essential oils from Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. could be a great alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of oral diseases since they show low cytotoxicity levels and do not induce resistance in bacterial pathogens. Research regarding the use of medicinal plants on the treatment of oral ailments continues to be an extreme interesting topic [1] mainly due to the extensive variety plants that potentially have antimicrobial properties.