The Effect of anthocyanins on C6 glioblastoma cells exposed to oxidative stress
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2014-06-17 |
The intensified intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the decreased capacity of organism to cope with this situation lead to the excess level of ROS. Such a condition can contribute to the formation of cancer, aging, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, there is increasing evidence suggesting that anthocyanins and other food-derived antioxidants may be useful in the prevention and treatment of lesions. However, the knowledge of their mechanisms of action is still scarce. Thus, the aimof our study was to investigate a protective effect of several anthocyanins (cyanidine 3-O-rutinoside and 3-O-glucoside, malvidin 3-O-glucoside, and pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside) on rat C6 cells from oxidative stress. Our results have shown that anthocyanins did not affect C6 cell culture viability after 2 h incubation. After 24 h a significant decrease in cell viability (in comparison with control – 0.2% DMSO) was observed only in the presence of very high concentrations (80 μM and above) of Cy3R. Noteworthy, 500 au/ml of catalase did not abolish the cytotoxic effect of Cy3R. Furthermore, the strongest cytotoxic effect of H2O2 on cell viability with the determined EC50 value 158 ± 1.5 μM was observed after 24 h incubation. Next, we compared the effects of anthocyanins on H2O2-increased intra cellular oxidative level. We found that both anthocyanins, Cy3R and Cy3G, decreased the level of intracellular ROS with the same efficiency. Moreover, Mv3G was found to be less effective than Cy 3-O-glycosides, whereas Pg3G was not efficient at all. Thus, our analysis revealed that the effectiveness of investigated anthocyanins to reduce the level of intracellular ROS decreased in thefollowing order: [Cy3G = Cy3R] > Mv3G > Pg3G. A possible mechanism of such a protective action of Cyand Mv 3-O-glycosides is under experimental investigation. This work was supported by the Research Council of Lithuania (grant No. SVE-11008).