The Associations between work and family psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal pain among nurses

Abstract

Aims: Recent studies have confirmed that not only ergonomic factors, but psychosocial factors at work play an important role in the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain among nurses. The aim of our study was to investigate the associations between musculoskeletal pain and work and family psychosocial factors among nurses. Methods: A random sample of the Lithuanian community nurses was investigated (N=372). The Job Content questionnaire was used to evaluate the level of job demands, job control and social support at work. Workplace bullying was measured by Negative Acts Questionnaire (H Hoel & S Einarsen). Threatening life events were assessed over the last 12 months. In the analysis prevalence of pain (low back and neck/shoulder) during the previous 12-months period was used. Results: Neck/shoulder pain among nurses was associated with severe bullying (OR=5.45; 95% CI 1.41-21.01), high job demands (OR=3.29; 95% CI 1.84-5.89), low job control (OR=1.86; 95% CI 1.10-3.07), threatening life events (OR= 1.84; 95% CI 1.10-3.07) after adjustment for age, smoking, alcohol, heavy lifting at work, shift work, leasure time physical activity. Low back pain was associated with threatening life events (OR=2.36; 95% CI 1.30-4.30), smoking (OR-2.62; 95%CI 1.35-5.09). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that musculoskeletal pain among nurses is associated with work and family psychosocial factors. The need for preventive measures against workplace bullying and work organization as well as strengthening internal resources is in charge.