The Influence of ultrasound treatment, fermentation with Lactobacillus strains, and different methods of dehydration on bovine colostrum chemical composition and microbial contamination
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2017-10-19 |
The authors are thankful to Lithuanian University of Health Sciences and Kaunas Technology University for providing the financial support to carry out this research work (LSMU-KTU joint project).
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum LUHS135 and Lactobacillus paracasei LUHS244 strains, different methods of dehydration, and ultrasound treatment on bovine colostrum (BC) chemical composition, including fatty (FA) and free amino acids (FAA) profile, and micro and macro elements. In addition, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count, microbial contamination, and biogenic amines (BAs) formation in BC samples were analyzed. All the investigated treatments of BC reduced myristoleic (C14:1) (on average 25.5 %), alpha-linolenic (C18:3 n3) (on average 20.0 %), butyric (C4:0) (on average 17.9 %), caproic (C6:0) (on average 18.0 %), caprylic (C8:0) (on average 22.2 %), capric (C10:0) (on average 17.1 %), lauric (C12:0) (on average 18.0 %), myristic (C14:0) (on average 14.0 %), pentadecanoic (C15:0) (on average 11.1 %), and stearic (C18:0) acid content (on average 10.1 %), total saturated fats (on average 5.1 %), trans fats (on average 43.3 %), and omega-3 (on average 31.7 %). Results of the ANOVA test indicated, that the treatment method has significant influence (p < 0.0001) on the concentrations of FAA and most of the macro- and micro- elements in BC samples. The highest content of cadaverine, histamine, and tyramine in nontreated BC samples (28.62±3.1 mg/kg, 15.75±2.1 mg/kg, and 662.68±12.4 mg/kg, respectively) was established. In all of the treated BC samples spore-forming aerobic mesophilic bacteria, enterobacteria, Escherichia coli, and fungi/yeast were not found, however, LAB count was ranging from 8.36 log10 CFU/ml to 6.00 log10 CFU/g. Thus, the ultrasound treatment, fermentation, and dehydratation are perspective methods for BC treatment, in the case to reduce microbial contamination, however, the detailed chemical composition should be evaluated, especially BAs formation.