The Features of multiple sclerosis prodrome symptoms in Lithuania

Abstract

Research problem and objectives: Lithuania remains a region with a higher MS incidence rate which has a tendency to increase every year. Although there is much unknown about the characteristics of MS prodrome period, understanding of the duration and phenotypic features of it could be helful not only for the early MS recognition, but also for the ability to prevent disability progression and identify individuals at a higher risk. This research investigated patients from a local MS center in order to determine features of prodromal symptoms they experience. Methods: 166 patients were examined using an anonymous questionnaire. All patients were treated or consulted at the Department of Neurology in the Hospital of LUHS Kaunas Clinics from February 2020 to February 2021. Results: Most often experienced prodromal symptoms were cardiovascular (n=75, 42,2%), such as cold limbs, skin and mucous membrane discoloration, faster and stronger heartbeats, syncope (p=0.006). 42.2% of respondents (n=75) noted mental disorders such as anxiety, depression, migraine, insomnia, cognitive and memory disorders. 36,7% of the patients experienced gastrointestinal disoredrs, most common complains were nausea (n=29, 17,5 %), obstipation (n=22, 14.3%), vomit...[...].