The Difference of oxidative stress readings in patients diagnosed with chronic heart failure

Abstract

Background. With respect to structural and functional cardiac disorders, heart failure (HF) is divided into HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HfrEF is known to be the outcome of myocardial ischemia and infarction. Notably, HFpEF is associated with dysregulated metabolism and chronic hypertension, contributing to oxidative stress and myocardial dysfunction. Oxidative stress (an imbalance between the increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the elimination or neutralization of ROS by an antioxidant system) plays an important role in the development of chronic HF and correlates with left ventricle dysfunction and hypertrophy in the failing heart. So, oxidative and antioxidative stress biomarker levels should be higher in HFpEF. Aim. The aim was to compare oxidative stress (nitrotyrosine, dityrosine, protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde, oxidized HDL) and antioxidative biomarker (total plasma antioxidant capacity, catalase (CAT)) levels in the blood between HFrEF and HFpEF patient groups. Methods. A total of 60 CHF patients were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups: HFpEF of <40% (n=27) and HFrEF of ≥40% (n=33). Nitrotyrosine, dityrosine, protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde, oxidized high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and antioxidative readings’ (total plasma antioxidant capacity, catalase (CAT)) concentrations were measured in the blood. Results. No statistically significant differences between the groups in the aforementioned variables were observed in the current study. Further, we divided the entire study sample into two groups based on the median values of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl and oxidized HDL levels. No statistically significant differences of serum oxidative/antioxidative stress markers and left ventricular ejection fraction values were found between the groups of different malondialdehyde concentration (≤114.29 vs. >114.29 μg/L), different protein carbonyl (≤259.95 vs. >259.95 U/mL) and oxidized HDL levels (≤3.06 vs. >3.06 pg/L). There was no correlation between the readings too. Conclusion. Oxidative stress and antioxidative biomarker levels in the blood between HFrEF andHFpEF patient groups do not differ.