Changes of the functional parameters of balance and lower extremity of adolescents runners after exercises of unstable surfaces

Abstract

Introduction. Results from the studies indicated benefit of training on unstable surfaces to various populations. Commonly they are used in rehabilitation after injuries, some diseases or elderly people (1,2). There are a lot of studies with basketball and football players, their rehabilitation and injury prevention programs effects using unstable surfaces (3,4). Drawing upon previous studies, we hypothesized that training on unstable surfaces helps runners to improve balance and lower extremity functional indicators (5,6). Research aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate alterations in functional parameters of balance and lower extremities of adolescents’ runners after training on unstable surfaces. Research methods and organization. In study participated 20 adolescents Kaunas sport school “Startas” athletes, aged 12-13 years boys and girls running short and long distances. Training consisted of 20 minute long exercises on unstable surfaces and where performed 2 times a week for 5 weeks. The program consisted of exercises while standing on one or both feet on the unstable air-filled cushion. Exercises applied during training after warm-up before the main part of the workout. Participants had evaluation before and after applying program. Used tests: EUROFIT Flamingos test used to evaluate static balance, evaluating right and left leg separately; Y balance test – or modified star excursion test is used to evaluate dynamic stability. Test is used to evaluate postural control and make conclusion about athlete’s reach while maintaining stable position; Calf muscle strength measurement with Lafayette dynamometer – muscle strength is expressed in kilograms. We measured foot plantar flexion and dorsal flexion muscles strength; Single Leg Hop Test (HOP) – these tests are performed to evaluate dynamic knee and ankle stability, [...]. ͞x) - xme (xmin; xmax; ͞x)...