Correlations of Childhood Body Mass Index and Adulthood Fertility

Abstract

Title: “Correlations of Childhood Body Mass Index and Adulthood Fertility” Aim: To investigate the relation between different childhood BMIs and adulthood fertility. Objectives: 1. To review different age groups and analyze the changes in BMI during childhood. 2. To analyze the pathophysiology of infertility due to abnormal BMI. 3. To compare the relation and incidence of adulthood infertility with underweight and overweight during childhood. Methodology: The primary literature search began in early 2024 and was updated in May 2024. After initial filters, 274 articles were identified. Screening titles and abstracts led to the review of 91 full-text articles. Ultimately, 26 relevant studies were selected for this review. Results: The literature review indicates a notable relationship between childhood Body Mass Index (BMI) and fertility outcomes in adulthood. Being underweight in adolescence, especially between the ages of 11 and 15, increases the chances of requiring infertility treatments later in life. Early obesity in childhood is a reliable predictor of continued obesity throughout adolescence and into adulthood. Being overweight, especially before age 12, significantly raises the risk of infertility in adulthood. Conclusions: This research highlights that irregular BMI during childhood, whether underweight or overweight, significantly affects fertility outcomes in adulthood. It stresses the importance of early BMI evaluation and timely intervention as critical strategies to prevent infertility. The findings indicate that childhood obesity poses a greater and broader fertility risk than being underweight. Therefore, promoting balanced nutrition and regular exercise during childhood is crucial for maintaining fertility potential in later life. The study emphasizes the significance of managing BMI from an early age to enhance reproductive health outcomes.