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Comparative analysis of prostatic volumo estimation in subclinical benign prostatic hyperplasia affected male dogs using the ellipsoid body and expected prostatic volume formulas
Date Issued | Start Page | End Page |
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2023-10-21 | 148 | 148 |
Introduction and aim. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related ailment frequently observed in older male dogs. While its early stages may not display explicit clinical symptoms, prostatomegaly emerges as the primary clinical indication. This emphasizes the significance of evaluating prostatic volume during ultrasonographic examinations (1). The ellipsoid formula, V=0,523xWxHxL, using ultrasonographic measurements: width (W), height (H) and length (L), facilitates this determination. In contrast, the expected prostatic volume (EPV) formula accounts for the dogs age (A) and body weight (BW), given by EPV=(0.867xBV)+(1.885xA)+15.88cm3 (2). This study aimed to evaluate prostatic volume in dogs with subclinical BPH using both formulas and to analyze the relationship between the expected prostatic volume and the volume derived from ultrasonographic dimensional measurements. Materials and methods. This study examined 35 intact male dogs with an average age of 6.9 years and an average weight of 44.6kg. Diagnosis of subclinical BPH was made based on disease related changes displayed during rectal palpation, ultrasonographic examination and CPSE levels higher than 90ng/mL. On ultrasonographic examination, the prostate glands width, length, and height were measured in transverse and longitudinal axial images, respectively. For each dimension, three consecutive measurements were obtained, and the average was computed. The measurements were determined in centimeters (cm). Prostatic volume was then estimated using both the ellipsoid body formula and the expected prostatic volume formula as previously described. Data analysis was conducted using IMB SPSS Statistics 29.0.0.0 (241). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. The ellipsoid formula resulted in a mean prostatic volume of 73.87+-43.46 cm3. In contrast, the EPV formula yielded a mean measurement of 67.69+-11.02 cm3. Notably, there was no significant relationship between the two formula outcomes (p=0.258). Conclusion. In determining prostatic volume in intact male dogs, the expected prostatic volume and the measured prostatic volume using ellipsoid body formula yielded different results. Practitioners should be cautious in evaluating volume using different methods, understanding that prostatic size is not the main parameter for assessing BPH and other factors must be considered as well.