Students’ knowledge and adherence to nutrition as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse students' knowledge and adherence to nutrition as a risk factor for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Methodology. A quantitative study was employed to collect data from 107 students enrolled at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Anonymous questionnaires were distributed to students in the Nursing, Occupational Therapy, and Physiotherapy study programmes. The survey comprised questions from two prior established questionnaires: The Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level (CARRIFKL) and the Mediterranean Diet Knowledge/Adherence Questionnaire. Written permission for the use of both questionnaires was obtained from the original authors via e-mail. Participants were asked to provide demographic information, including gender, age, and educational level. The collected data were subsequently analysed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: A high level of knowledge was observed regarding cardiovascular risk factors, while an average level of knowledge was noted regarding the Mediterranean diet. However, the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was found to be low. Furthermore, a weak, insignificant correlation with a positive, direct linear relationship was identified between knowledge and adherence. Conclusions: Although participants demonstrated adequate knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and the Mediterranean diet, a discrepancy between knowledge and actual dietary adherence was observed. This risk factor should be addressed to promote healthier behavioural practices and improve cardiovascular disease prevention.